Nigeria’s economic struggles have been longstanding, with the country grappling with fuel subsidies and exchange rate disparities that have led to significant financial losses.
According to Indermit Gill, Senior Vice President of the World Bank Group, Nigeria spent a staggering N10 trillion ($15 billion) on fuel subsidies and exchange rates in 2022 alone.

Gill emphasized the importance of Nigeria’s economic reforms, stating that “Africa goes as Nigeria goes,” and that the success of these reforms will have a ripple effect across the continent. He urged the government to maintain momentum on these reforms for at least 10 to 15 years to achieve desired results.

“The President’s signature reforms are essential… to break from the past and chart a more hopeful course for all Nigerians,” Gill said. These reforms include unifying exchange rates, allowing market-determined exchange rates, and eliminating fuel subsidies.

Nigeria’s need for job creation is immense, with over 12 million young Nigerians set to enter the workforce in the next decade. Gill stressed that private sector investment, particularly in the non-oil sector, will be crucial in generating jobs and driving growth.

Taiwo Oyedele, Chairman of the Presidential Fiscal Policy and Tax Reforms Committee, suggested that a new tax bill could impose a 25% personal income tax rate on wealthy Nigerians earning N100 million or more per month.

This move aims to strike a balance between relieving tax pressures on low-income individuals and ensuring higher earners contribute more to government finances.

Meanwhile, Niyi Yusuf, Chairman of the Nigerian Economic Summit Group, highlighted the nation’s ongoing struggles with inflation, stagnant growth, and unsustainable debt.

He emphasized the need for collaborative efforts to promote growth, competitiveness, and stability.

“The twin problems of income inequality and multidimensional poverty continue to cast a long shadow over our progress,” Yusuf said.

“Nigeria’s struggle with uneven resource distribution, macroeconomic instability, and institutional fragility prevents us from reaching our full potential.”